C4.5 Radioactivity 1. Which of the following statement is CORRECT about beta radioactive particles? They are negatively charged.They are electrons that originate from within the nucleus and not from the outer energy levelsThey are formed when a neutron changes into proton within the nucleus.All of the above. 2. How does a chain reaction occur in nuclear fusion? The neutron produced further bombards more nuclei and more neutrons are formed.The energy produced causes other nuclides to collide and a chain reaction occurs an increase in temperature and pressurenone of the mentioned 3. The splitting process a heavy nuclide undergoes when bombarded by a fast-moving neutron is called? nuclear fusionNuclear fissionHalf LIFEcarbon dating 4. Which of the following is NOT an application of radioactive isotopes gauging the thickness of thin metal and paper sheetsdetermining the age of archeological materials in fossils from carbon 14 datingmanufacture of nuclear weapons and atomic bombs.used in sacrificial anodes 5. Mention the 2 types of radioactivity naturalartificialroboticBoth A and B 6. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT about Gamma radiation? are high energy raysThey are electrically chargedThey are not emitted on their own but normally accompany the emission of alpha and beta particlesThey do have an electrical charge 7. Give the name of the series which represents the sequential and continuous disintegration of an unstable nuclide until a stable nuclide is formed electrochemical seriesreactivity seriesradioactive decay seriesnone of the above 8. The shorter the half-life the faster the rate of decay of the nuclide while the longer the half-life the slower the rate of decay of the nuclide. True or False TRUEMaybeFALSEnone of the above 9. Explain why alpha particles have a very high ionizing effect as they pass through gases They have a low speed which enables them to be in contact with target atoms for a longer timeThey have a high chargeThey have a high penetration powerboth A and B 10. Mention the medical applications of radioactivity sterilization of surgical instruments using gamma radiationfor providing power in heart pace settersdetecting leakage in underground water or oil pipes without digging them outAll the above 11. Which of the following material can ONLY stop gamma radiation particles from penetration paperaluminum foilthick lead blockcement block 12. The process where an unstable nuclide breaks up to yield another nuclide of different compositions with the emission of particles and energy is called fusionexplosionradioactivitybomb blast 13. In a nuclear reaction explain what happens when a beta particle is emitted from the nucleus the atomic number reduces by one of the new nuclidesThe mass number of the new nuclide remains the same.The atomic number of new nuclide increases by ONE.both B and C 14. Name the 3 types of radiation alpha particlesbeta particlesgamma particlesall of the above 15. Mention the difference between nuclear reaction and chemical reaction the nuclear reaction takes place within the nucleus and involves neutrons and protons but chemical reaction takes place on the outer energy shells containing the valence electrons and doesn't involve protons and neutronsthe nuclear reaction releases a large amount of heat energy, unlike chemical energy that releases much less heat energy.A nuclear reaction is not affected by environmental factors such as temperature but the chemical reaction is affected by environmental factors such as temperature and pressureAll of the above. 16. What is the main cause that explains why nuclear fission is accompanied by a release of an enormous amount of energy The splitting of a largely unstable nuclide as it absorbs a neutronThe joining up of two small unstable nuclide particlesThe total mass of the products is slightly less than the mass of the initial nuclidesnone of the above 17. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the time taken for a given mass or number of nuclides to decay to half it's original mass or number. True or False FALSEMaybeTRUEnone of the above 18. Which among the following is an example of radioactive material? SodiumPotassiumDynamiteUranium 19. How does a chain reaction occurs in nuclear fission The neutron produced further bombards more nuclei and more neutrons are formed.The energy produced causes other nuclides to collide and a chain reaction occurs an increase in temperature and pressurenone of the mentioned 20. What is the name given when a nuclei combine when they are made to collide at high velocity resulting in the formation of a heavy nucleus and release energy? grand collision gov'tnuclear fissionnuclear fusionHalf-life 21. Which of the following statement is CORRECT about Nuclear fusion? The mass of the products added together is equal to the mass of the reactants in the nuclear fission equation.The reaction is accompanied by the release of a large amount of energyIt is originated when a largely unstable nuclide absorbs a neutron and immediately split up two approximately equal fragments together with several smaller particles such as neutronAll of the above 22. In a nuclear reaction explain what happens when an alpha particle is emitted from the nucleus the atomic number of the new nuclide is lowered by two of the new nuclidethe mass number is lowered by four of the new nuclideboth the atomic and mass number of the new nuclide doesn't changeBoth A and B 23. Which among the radiation particles have a high ionizing effect? betagammaalphanone of the above 24. Which of the following statement is CORRECT about Nuclear fusion The process is accompanied by the liberation of large quantities of energyThe mass of the products is equal to the mass of the reactant in a nuclear fusion equationThe energy released after fusion causes other nuclides to collide and a chain reaction occursAll the above 25. How are alpha particles deflected by an electric field? They are attracted by the positive plate in an electric fieldThey are heavy and are only slightly deflectedThey are attracted by the negative plate in an electric fieldBoth B and C 26. Radioactivity is what kind of a process chemical processphysical processdangerous processnuclear process 27. The spontaneous disintegration of radioactive nuclides is known as radioactivityradioactive isotopesradioactive decaynone of the mentioned 28. Which of the following radiation particles has the least penetration power? betagammaalphaAll the above 29. Which of the following is INCORRECT about alpha radioactive particles? They are positively charged helium nucleiThey have an electrical charge of 2+They are the heaviest of the three radiationsthey do NOT have an electrical charge 30. Which material can stop beta particles from passing through with its penetration power? paperthick lead blockaluminum foilnone of the above 31. Which material can stop alpha particles from passing through with its penetration power paperaluminum foilthick lead blockzinc 32. The process of determining the age of dead organic matter using the half-life of carbon 14 is known as? Half a dayHalf LIFEHalf timenone of the above 33. Which of the radiation particles have the highest penetration power? betaalphagammanone of the above 34. How are beta particles deflected by an electric field? They are deflected to the positive plate in an electric fieldThey have a greater deflection than that of alpha particles due to their much smaller massesThey are attracted to the negative plate in an electric fieldBoth A and B 35. The substance which undergoes radioactivity is said to be radioactive FALSEMaybeTRUEnone of the above 36. Give a reason as to how nuclear fusion and fission are similar nuclear reaction processes? in both cases, a large quantity of energy is releasedBoth processes result in chain reactionsIn both cases subatomic particles such as neutrons accompany the processAll the above 37. Explain the reason why gamma rays are not shown when writing nuclear equations They do not have a chargeThey have the very high penetration powerThey have a very low ionizing powerThey do not affect the mass number and the atomic number of a nuclide. Loading...
The shorter the half-life the faster the rate of decay of the nuclide while the longer the half-life the slower the rate of decay of the nuclide. True or False
